PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS

Phonological awareness is the awareness of the sound structures in the English Language. It is inclusive of but not limited to alliteration, phonemic awareness, onset-rime, rhyme, syllabification and morphology awareness. 

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It is important to note that phonological and phonemic awareness enhancement activities are about oral sounds and listening. Auditory activities that enhance these abilities are initially completed without letter representations until it becomes appropriate to introduce letter representations. Students with language and literacy difficulties may struggle with phonological awareness.

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PHONEMIC AWARENESS

Phonemic Awareness is having the capacity to identify and manipulate the individual sounds in words. It is a strong predictor for reading success.

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SYLLABIFICATION:

Dividing words into syllables, either in speech or writing. It is important to remember that each syllable contains a vowel sound. There are 6 rules for the syllabification of words.

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MORPHOLOGY:

The study of how words are structured based on meaningful units.

Morphemes: 

Meaningful morphological units of a language that cannot be divided any further: prefixes / bases or roots / suffixes.

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Base words (latin roots) will form new words when suffixes are added to the end.

Examples: port + able = portable

                     success+ful=successful

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Spelling conventions apply when adding suffixes, especially with the addition of vowel suffixes.

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When prefixes are added to the beginning of base words (latin roots) new words are created.

Examples: sub+division=subdivision

                    infra+red=infrared

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